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prō quam

  • 1 pro quam

    prōquam, and, separate, prō quam, v. pro, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pro quam

  • 2 quam

    quam (archaic form quamde or quande:

    quamde pro quam usos esse antiquos, cum multi veteres testimonio sunt, tum Ennius... et Lucretius (1, 640),

    Fest. p. 261 Müll.; cf. Enn. Ann. v. 29, and v. 139 Vahl. So, too, Naev. ap. Fest. s. v. topper, p. 352 Müll.), adv. [qui], in what manner, how, how much, as much as:

    quam nihil praetermittis in consilio dando! quam nihil tamen, quod tibi placeat, explicas!

    Cic. Att. 9, 2, A, 1:

    ut se accusari nolunt! quam cupiunt laudari!

    id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:

    quam multa, quam paucis!

    id. Fam. 11, 24, 1:

    quam sint morosi, intellegi potest,

    id. ib. 7, 15, 1:

    quam vellet, cunctaretur,

    id. Div. 1, 26, 56:

    memoriā tenetis, quam valde universi admurmurarint,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41:

    quam quisque potest,

    as much as each one can, Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 75:

    quam potuit,

    as far as he was able, Val. Max. 4, 1, 5.—With possum and a sup.:

    concede huc ab isto, quam potest longissime,

    as far as possible, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 81:

    quam possunt mollissime,

    as gently as possible, Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 129.—Also without possum:

    quam maximas, quam primum, quam saepissime gratias agere,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 6, 5:

    ut quam angustissime Pompeium contineret,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 45.— With posit. (post-Aug.):

    tum Manlius... quam poterat clarā voce denuntiavit,

    Val. Max. 6, 4, 1; 3, 2, 1 ext.; 4, 5, 1:

    dixi de philosophiā quam breviter potui,

    Lact. 3, 17, 1:

    tusa cribrataque vino, quam possit excellenti,

    as excellent as possible, Plin. 20, 24, 100, § 264; 18, 28, 68, § 274.—
    B.
    In dependent clauses, indirect questions, etc.:

    est fidei nostrae, declarare, quam memores simus,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 11, 29:

    scio, quam timida sit ambitio,

    id. Mil. 16, 42:

    quam id ratum sit, tu judicabis,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 7:

    id quam injustum esset, non videbat,

    id. Off. 3, 21, 82:

    dici non potest quam sim disputatione tuā delectatus,

    id. Tusc. 2, 4, 10; id. N. D. 2, 20, 52; id. Ac. 2, 17, 52; id. Fin. 1, 11, 37; 1, 20, 65; 5, 12, 35; id. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 47; 2, 1, 21, § 52; 2, 4, 44, § 98:

    videte quam iniqui sint,

    Sall. J. 85, 25; 62, 9:

    ut sentias quam vile sit corpus,

    Liv. 2, 12, 3; 24, 5, 2; Nep. Timoth. 4, 2.—
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    In comparisons, as, than.
    1.
    With tam:

    tam ego ante fui liber, quam gnatus tuos,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 60; cf. id. ib. 3, 4, 11:

    si era me sciat tam socordem esse quam sum,

    id. Cist. 4, 2, 5:

    tua est imago: tam consimilis est, quam potest,

    id. Men. 5, 9, 4:

    tam esse clemens tyrannus quam rex importunus potest,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 33, 50; id. Div. 1, 6, 10 et saep.; v. tam.—
    2.
    With ellipsis of corresp. tam:

    homo non, quam isti sunt, gloriosus,

    not so celebrated as those, Liv. 35, 49:

    claris majoribus, quam vetustis,

    rather than, Tac. A. 4, 61.—
    3.
    With sup. and a corresp. tam, by how much the more, the more: quam acerbissima olea oleum facies, tam oleum optimum erit, the bitterer the olives, the better will be the oil, Cato, R. R. 65, 1:

    quam paucissimos reliqueris, tam optimi fiunt,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 9:

    quam quisque pessume fecit, tam maxume tutus est,

    Sall. J. 31, 14.—
    4.
    With magis:

    quam magis... tam magis,

    the more... the more, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 5.—With tam omitted:

    quam magis exhausto spumaverit ubere mulctra, Laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina mammis,

    Verg. G. 3, 309.— With the second magis omitted:

    quam magis te in altum capessis, tam aestus te in portum refert,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 6.—

    In the reverse order: tam magis... quam magis,

    the more... the more, Verg. A. 7, 787. —
    5.
    With tanto:

    quam magis... tanto magis,

    the more... the more, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 19; so Lucr. 6, 460.—
    6.
    With a double comp.:

    ne libentius haec in illum evomere videar, quam verius,

    with more freedom than truth, Cic. Mil. 29, 78:

    non acrior quam pertinacior impetus Romanorum,

    Liv. 31, 35:

    discrimen me occupavit, meliore hostium quam meo tempore,

    Curt. 7, 7, 9.—
    7.
    Tam... quam, with the comp. for the posit., so... as:

    per dexteram te istam oro non tam in bellis et proeliis, quam in promissis et fide firmiorem,

    Cic. Deiot. 3, 8.—
    8.
    After comparatives or words of comparison, than:

    nobis nihil est tlmendum magis quam ille consul,

    Cic. Att. 7, 9, 3:

    his igitur, quam physicis potius credendum existimas?

    id. Div. 2, 16, 37; Cassius ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 19, 1; Cic. Pis. 26, 62:

    majorem pecuniam praetori polliceri, quam quantam hic dedisset,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 70; id. de Or. 1, 36, 167:

    qui plures milites eorum occidisset, quam quot superessent,

    Liv. 35, 12.—So after verbs which imply comparison, verbs of preference, excellence, etc.; after praestat, Caes. B. G. 7, 17, 4; after malo:

    esse quam videri bonus malebat,

    Sall. C. 54, 5:

    an est quod ego malim quam?

    Cic. Par. 1; after statuo, Nep. Dat. 8, 1; after probo, Tac. A. 1, 58; after volo ( = boulomai ê), Liv. 3, 68, 11; 25, 29, 6.— Rarely quantus is used to strengthen quam, after comp.:

    de re majore quam quanta ea esset,

    Liv. 30, 23, 2:

    implere homines certioris spei, quam quantam fides promissi humani subicere solet,

    id. 26, 19, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.;

    22, 2, 19.— But quam is often omitted after plus, minus, amplius, etc., without changing the case: minus duo milia hominum effugerunt,

    Liv. 24, 16, 4:

    plus partem dimidiam hominum caesam,

    id. 36, 40, 5; cf. id. 29, 25, 2:

    cum decem haud plus milibus militum,

    id. 28, 1, 5:

    ut hoc nostrum desiderium ne plus sit annuum,

    Cic. Att. 5, 1, 1:

    ferre plus dimidiati mensis cibaria,

    id. Tusc. 2, 16, 37:

    plus quingentos colaphos infregit mihi,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 45; Prop. 2, 19, 18 (3, 17, 32); v. Zumpt, Gram. § 485.—
    9.
    With sic ( poet.):

    quam multā grandine nimbi Culminibus crepitant, sic densis ictibus heros pulsat, etc.,

    Verg. A. 5, 458.— With sic omitted, Verg. A. 6, 309 sqq.—
    10.
    After aeque, so much... as:

    nihil aeque eos terruit, quam robur ac color imperatoris,

    Liv. 28, 26.—
    11.
    After contra, otherwise... than, not so... as:

    contra faciunt, quam professi sunt,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11.— So after secus:

    ne me secus honore honestes quam ego te,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 50. —
    12.
    After alius, with a preceding negative, not otherwise than, no other than:

    nil aliud agens quam ut, etc.,

    nothing else than, Liv. 44, 27, 12:

    neque aliud totā urbe agi quam bellum apparari,

    id. 4, 26, 12; Nep. Hann. 10, 1:

    ob nullam aliam causam, quam ne,

    from no other cause than, Liv. 45, 25; 34, 2, 12. — Rarely with alius affirmatively (for ac):

    ipse me paulum in aliā quam prius habuerim opinione nunc esse confiteor,

    Quint. 3, 6, 63. —
    13.
    After aliter, otherwise than:

    ne aliter, quam ego velim, meum laudet ingenium,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 24:

    ne aliter quam si, etc.,

    Col. 4, 2, 2.—
    14.
    After supra:

    saepe supra feret, quam fieri possit,

    more than, Cic. Or. 40, 139.—
    15.
    After ultra:

    ultra, quam satis est, producitur,

    farther than, Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 26.—
    16.
    After diversum, otherwise than:

    pransus quoque atque potus diversum valent quam indicant,

    something altogether different from what, Quint. 1, 4, 29; cf., after advorsum, only Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 139 Brix ad loc.—
    17.
    After words denoting number or quantity, which serve for comparison: dimidium tributi quam quod regibus ferre soliti erant, populo Romano pendere, the half of what, half as much as, Liv. 45, 18:

    multiplex, quam pro numero, damnum est,

    too great for, greater than, id. 7, 8:

    ferramenta duplicia, quam numerus servorum exigit,

    twice as many as, Col. 1, 8, 8.—So, too, after designations of time:

    die vigesimā, quam creatus erat, dictaturā se abdicavit,

    on the twentieth day after, Liv. 6, 29: tabellarii venerunt post diem sextum, quam a vobis discesserant, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 1:

    postridie venissemus, quam... fuissemus,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 9:

    postero die quam illa erant acta,

    id. de Or. 2, 3, 12:

    saeculis multis ante... inventa sunt, quam, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 21. —
    18.
    After the sup.:

    bellum gerere cum tyranno, quam qui unquam, saevissimo et violentissimo in suos,

    the most cruel that ever was, Liv. 34, 32.—
    19.
    So with rel. and sup. after tam:

    tam gratum mihi id erit, quam quod gratissimum,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 3:

    tam sum amicus rei publicae quam qui maxime,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 6:

    ego sum tam mitis, quam qui lenissimus,

    id. Sull. 31, 87.—
    20.
    Sometimes with magis or potius to be supplied, more... than:

    tacita mulier semper, quam loquens,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 70 dub.:

    pacem quam bellum probabam,

    Tac. A. 1, 58. —
    B.
    In mere intensive expressions, exceedingly, very, quite, indeed:

    admodum quam saevos est,

    very cruel indeed, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 43:

    nimis quam formido, ne, etc.,

    id. Most. 2, 2, 79:

    nimis quam cupio,

    id. Capt. 1, 2, 17:

    quam familiariter,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 109: nam suos valde quam paucos habet, very few indeed, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 3:

    mire quam,

    Cic. Att. 1, 11, 3:

    sane quam refrixit,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 5.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > quam

  • 3 pro

    1.
    prō (archaic collat. form, posi in posimerium; cf. pono, from posino; cf. Gr. poti and pot with pros), adv. and prep. [root in Sanscr. prep. pra-, before, as in prathamas, first; Gr. pro; cf.: proteros, prôtos, etc.; Lat.: prae, prior, priscus, etc.; perh. old abl. form, of which prae is the loc. ], before, in front of; and, transf., for, with the idea of protection, substitution, or proportion.
    I.
    Adv., found only in the transf. comp. signif. (v. infra, II. B. 3.) in connection with quam and ut: pro quam and pro ut (the latter usually written in one word, prout), like prae quam and prae ut.
    * A.
    Pro quam, in proportion as, just as:

    nec satis est, pro quam largos exaestuat aestus,

    Lucr. 2, 1137. —
    B.
    Pro ut or prout, according as, in proportion, accordingly, proportionably as, just as, as (class.):

    compararat argenti bene facti, prout Thermitani hominis facultates ferebant, satis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83:

    tuas litteras, prout res postulat, exspecto,

    id. Att. 11, 6 fin.:

    id, prout cujusque ingenium erat, interpretabantur,

    Liv. 38, 50:

    prout locus iniquus aequusve his aut illis, prout animus pugnantium est, prout numerus, varia pugnae fortuna est,

    id. 38, 40 fin. —With a corresp. ita:

    ejusque rationem ita haberi, prout haberi lege liceret,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:

    prout sedes ipsa est, ita varia genera morborum sunt,

    Cels. 4, 4, 5:

    prout nives satiaverint, ita Nilum increscere,

    Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 51.—
    II.
    Prep. with abl. (late Lat. with acc.:

    PRO SALVTEM SVAM,

    Inscr. Grut. 4, 12; 46, 9; Inscr. Orell. 2360), before, in front of.
    A.
    Lit., of place:

    sedens pro aede Castoris,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 27:

    praesidia, quae pro templis cernitis,

    id. Mil. 1, 2:

    ii qui pro portis castrorum in statione erant,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 32:

    pro castris copias habere,

    id. ib. 7, 66:

    pro castris dimicare,

    id. ib. 5, 16:

    pro oppido,

    id. ib. 7, 71:

    pro opere consistere,

    Sall. J. 92, 9:

    castra pro moenibus locata,

    Liv. 2, 53; 4, 17:

    pro muro,

    id. 30, 10:

    pro castris explicare aciem,

    id. 6, 23:

    pro vallo,

    Plin. 2, 37, 37, § 101; Vell. 2, 19, 1.—With verbs of motion:

    Caesar pro castris suas copias produxit,

    before the camp, Caes. B. G. 1, 48:

    hasce tabulas hic ibidem pro pedibus tuis obicito,

    before your feet, App. Mag. p. 337, 36; id. M. 4, p. 155, 2.—
    2.
    In partic., with the accessory idea of presence on the front part, on the edge or brink of a place, on or in the front of, often to be translated by a simple on or in:

    pro censu classis iuniorum, Serv. Tullius cum dixit, accipi debet in censu, ut ait M. Varro, sicuti pro aede Castoris, pro tribunali, pro testimonio,

    Fest. p. 246 Müll.; cf.: pro significat in, ut pro rostris, pro aede, pro tribunali, Paul. ex Fest. p. 228 Müll.; and:

    pro sententia ac si dicatur in sententiā, ut pro rostris id est in rostris,

    id. p. 226 Müll.: hac re pro suggestu pronunciata, qs. standing on the front part of the tribune, or, as we would say, on the tribune, Caes. B. G. 6, 3: pro tribunali cum aliquid ageretur, was transacted before or at my tribunal, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 21; so,

    pro tribunali,

    id. Pis. 5, 11; id. Sest. 15, 34: pro contione, before the assembled army; and, in gen., before the assembly:

    laudatus pro contione Jugurtha,

    Sall. J. 8, 2; cf. Curt. 9, 1, 1:

    pro contione laudibus legati militumque tollere animos,

    Liv. 7, 7:

    fortes viros pro contione donantis,

    Curt. 10, 5, 10:

    pro contione litteras recitare,

    id. 4, 10, 16; Liv. 38, 23 fin.:

    pro contione palam utrumque temptavit,

    Suet. Vesp. 7; Tac. A. 3, 9; Front. Strat. 1, 11, 3: [p. 1448] 4, 5, 11; cf.:

    pro comitio,

    Suet. Aug. 43:

    uti pro consilio imperatum erat,

    in the council, Sall. J. 29, 6; cf.:

    supplicatio in triduum pro collegio decemvirūm imperata fuit,

    Liv. 38, 36:

    pontifices pro collegio decrevisse,

    Gell. 11, 3, 2:

    pro collegio pronuntiare,

    Liv. 4, 26, 9:

    suas simultates pro magistratu exercere,

    id. 39, 5:

    pro munimentis castelli manipulos explicat,

    before, on the fortifications, Tac. A. 2, 80; 12, 33: stabat pro litore diversa acies, in front of or upon the shore, id. ib. 14, 30:

    legionem pro ripā componere,

    id. ib. 12, 29:

    velamenta et infulas pro muris ostentant,

    in front of, from the walls, Tac. H. 3, 31; so,

    pro muris,

    id. A. 2, 81:

    ad hoc mulieres puerique pro tectis aedificiorum saxa et alia, quae locus praebebat, certatim mittere,

    standing on the edge of the roofs, from the roofs, Sall. J. 67, 1 Kritz.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To signify a standing before or in front of, for defence or protection; hence an acting for, in behalf of, in favor of, for the benefit of, on the side of (opp. contra, adversum):

    veri inveniendi causā contra omnia dici oportere et pro omnibus,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 60; cf.:

    hoc non modo non pro me, sed contra me est potius,

    id. de Or. 3, 20, 75:

    partim nihil contra Habitum valere, partim etiam pro hoc esse,

    id. Clu. 32, 88:

    difficillimum videtur quod dixi, pro ipsis esse quibus eveniunt ista, quae horremus ac tremimus,

    Sen. Prov. 3, 2:

    haec cum contra legem proque lege dicta essent,

    Liv. 34, 8: pro Romano populo armis certare, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 6 (Ann. v. 215 Vahl.); cf.: pro vostrā vitā morti occumbant, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 2, 62 (Trag. v. 176 Vahl.): quae ego pro re publica fecissem, Cato ap. Front. p. 149:

    nihil ab eo praetermissum est, quod aut pro re publicā conquerendum fuit, aut pro eā disputandum,

    Cic. Sest. 2, 3:

    omnia me semper pro amicorum periculis, nihil umquam pro me ipso deprecatum,

    id. de Or. 2, 49, 201:

    convenit dimicare pro legibus, pro libertate, pro patriā,

    id. Tusc. 4, 19, 43:

    dulce et decorum est pro patriā mori,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 13; cf. id. ib. 3, 19, 2:

    pro sollicitis non tacitus reis,

    id. ib. 4, 1, 14:

    spondere levi pro paupere,

    id. A. P. 423:

    urbes, quae viris aut loco pro hostibus et advorsum se opportunissumae erant,

    Sall. J. 88, 4:

    nec aliud adversus validissimas gentes pro nobis utilius, quam, etc.,

    Tac. Agr. 12:

    et locus pro vobis et nox erit, Liv 9, 24, 8: et loca sua et genus pugnae pro hoste fuere,

    id. 39, 30, 3:

    pro Corbulone aetas, patrius mos... erant: contra, etc.,

    Tac. A. 3, 31; id. H. 4, 78; Curt. 4, 14, 16.—
    2.
    With the notion of replacement or substitution, in the place of, instead of, for.
    a.
    In gen.: numquam ego argentum pro vino congiario... disdidi, Cato ap. Front. p. 149:

    ego ibo pro te, si tibi non libet,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 10:

    ego pro te molam,

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 29; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13:

    mutata (ea dico), in quibus pro verbo proprio subicitur aliud... ut cum minutum dicimus animum pro parvo, etc.,

    id. Or. 27, 92 sq.; cf.:

    libenter etiam copulando verba jungebant, ut sodes pro si audes, sis pro si vis... ain' pro aisne, nequire pro non quire, malle pro magis velle, nolle pro non velle. Dein etiam saepe et exin pro deinde et exinde dicimus,

    id. ib. 45, 154:

    pro vitulā statuis dulcem Aulide natam, Hor S. 2, 3, 199: pro bene sano Ac non incauto fictum astutumque vocamus,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 61; cf. Suet. Caes. 70:

    pro ope ferendā sociis pergit ipse ire, etc.,

    Liv. 23, 28, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.; Zumpt, Gram. § 667; cf.:

    pro eo, ut ipsi ex alieno agro raperent, suas terras, etc.,

    Liv. 22, 1, 2.—
    b.
    Esp. freq. in connection with the title of any officer, to denote his substitute' pro consule, pro praetore, pro quaestore, pro magistro, etc. (afterwards joined into one word, as proconsul, propraetor, proquaestor, promagister, etc.), proconsul, proprœtor, proquœstor, vice-director:

    cum pro consule in Ciliciam proficiscens Athenas venissem,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 82; cf.:

    cum L. Philippus pro consulibus eum se mittere dixit, non pro consule,

    instead of the consuls, not as proconsul, id. Phil. 11, 8, 18:

    nec pro praetore, Caesarem (vocat),

    id. ib. 13, 10, 22; Liv. 35, 1. cum Alexandriae pro quaestore essem, Cic. Ac. 2, 4, 11' cf.:

    litteris Q. Caepionis Bruti pro consule... Q. Hortensii pro consule opera, etc.,

    id. Phil. 10, 11, 26: P. Terentius operas in portu et scripturā Asiae pro magistro dedit, id. Att. 11, 10, 1; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169; id. Fam. 13, 65, 1; see also the words proconsul, promagister, propraetor, proquaestor, etc.—
    c.
    So of price, penalty, etc., in exchange, in return for:

    tres minas pro istis duobus dedi,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 138; id. Aul. 3, 3, 8:

    pro hujus peccatis ego supplicium sufferam,

    Ter. And. 5, 3, 17:

    dimidium ejus quod pactus esset, pro carmine daturum,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 351:

    pro vitā hominis nisi hominis vita reddatur, non posse deorum inmortalium numen placari,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 16:

    id pro immolatis in foro Tarquiniensium Romanis poenae hostibus redditum,

    Liv. 7, 19, 3:

    vos, pro paternis sceleribus, poenas date,

    Sen. Med. 925; Lact. 2, 7, 21:

    pro crimine poenas,

    Ov. Ib. 621.—
    3.
    Pro is also frequently used to denote the viewing, judging, considering, representing of a thing as something, for, the same as, just as, as:

    pro sano loqueris, quom me appellas nomine,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 24:

    sese ducit pro adulescentulo,

    id. Stich. 3, 1, 65; id. Cist. 1, 3, 24:

    hunc Eduxi a parvulo, habui, amavi pro meo,

    as my own, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 23:

    Cato ille noster qui mihi unus est pro centum milibus,

    whose voice I regard as equal to that of thousands, Cic. Att. 2, 5, 1:

    Siciliam nobis non pro penariā cellā, sed pro aerario fuisse,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 2, § 5:

    P. Sestio pro occiso relictus est,

    id. Sest. 38, 81; Caes. B. G. 3, 109:

    cum pro damnato mortuoque esset,

    as good as condemned and dead, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33:

    summa ratio, quae sapientibus pro necessitate est,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 3:

    negotia pro solatiis accipiens,

    Tac. A. 4, 13:

    consuli pro hostibus esse,

    Liv. 43, 5, 4:

    adeo incredibilis visa res, ut non pro vano modo, sed vix pro sano nuncius audiretur,

    as a boaster, Liv. 39, 49: quoniam de adventu Caesaris pro certo habebamus, to consider as certain, Mat. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 15, 6 et saep.; v. certus.—
    4.
    Esp. in certain phrases: pro eo, for the same thing, as just the same:

    ut si a Caesare, quod speramus, impetrarimus, tuo beneficio nos id consecutos esse judicemus: sin minus, pro eo tantum id habeamus, cum a te data sit opera, ut impetraremus,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 7, 5.—With the particles of comparison: atque ( ac), ac si, quasi, just the same as, even as, as though: pro eo ac debui, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 1:

    pro eo ac si concessum sit,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 32, 54:

    pro eo est atque si adhibitus non esset,

    Dig. 28, 1, 22:

    pro eo erit quasi ne legatum quidem sit,

    ib. 30, 1, 38: pro eo quod, for the reason that, because:

    pro eo quod ejus nomen erat magnā apud omnes gloriā,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 18, 75: pro eo quod pluribus verbis vos quam volui fatigavi, veniam a vobis petitam velim, Liv 38, 49 fin. —
    5.
    On account of, for the sake of:

    dolor pro patriā,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 24:

    tumultus pro recuperandā re publicā,

    id. Brut. 90, 311 dub. (B. and K. omit pro):

    dedit pro corpore nummos, i. e. to rescue his person,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 43:

    aliquem amare pro ejus eximiā suavitate,

    Cic. de Or 1, 55, 234:

    pro quibus meritis quanto opere dilectus sit,

    Suet. Aug. 57:

    cum pro incolumitate principis vota susceperunt,

    Tac. A. 4, 17:

    pro bono (= bene),

    Sall. J. 22, 4.—
    6.
    Pro is used in its most general sense in stating the relation between two objects or actions, in proportion, in comparison with, according to or as, conformably to, by virtue of, for, etc.:

    meus pater nunc pro hujus verbis recte et sapienter facit,

    according to his story, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 133:

    tu pro oratione nec vir nec mulier mihi's,

    id. Rud. 4, 4, 71: pro viribus tacere ac fabulari, according to one's ability, Enn. ap. Non. 475, 4 (Trag. v. 181 Vahl.):

    facere certum'st pro copiā ac sapientiā,

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 8:

    agere pro viribus,

    Cic. Sen. 9, 27:

    aliquem pro dignitate laudare,

    id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33:

    proelium atrocius quam pro numero pugnantium fuit,

    Liv. 21, 29: pro imperio, by virtue of his office or authority:

    quia pro imperio palam interfici non poterat,

    Liv. 1, 51, 2; hence, imperatively, dictatorially, summarily:

    nec illum ipsum submovere pro imperio posse more majorum,

    id. 2, 56, 12 ' hem! satis pro imperio, quisquis es, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 18:

    pro tuā prudentiā,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 10, 2; 11, 12, 2:

    cum in eam rationem pro suo quisque sensu ac dolore loqueretur,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69:

    quibus aliquid opis fortasse ego pro meā, tu pro tuā, pro suā quisque parte ferre potuisset,

    id. Fam. 15, 15, 3: pro virili parte, according to one's ability, id. Sest. 66, 138; Liv. praef. 2; Ov. Tr. 5, 11, 23. —Esp. freq.: pro ratā parte and pro ratā, in proportion, proportionably; v. ratus:

    pro se quisque,

    each according to his ability, each one for himself, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58; Caes. B. G. 2, 25; Verg. A. 12, 552 et saep.:

    pro tempore et pro re,

    according to time and circumstances, Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

    pro facultatibus,

    Nep. Epam. 3, 5.—Pro eo, quantum, or ut, in proportion to, as, according to, according as:

    eāque pro eo, quantum in quoque sit ponderis, esse aestimanda,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 21, 58:

    equidem pro eo, quanti te facio, quicquid feceris, approbabo,

    id. Fam. 3, 3, 2: tamen pro eo ut temporis difficultas tulit, etc., L. Metell. ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 126.
    ► In composition the o is long in some words, in others short (through the influence of the Gr.
    pro-): prōdeo, prŏfiteor; and even in words borrowed from the Greek, as prōlogus.—Its signification has reference either to place, before, forwards; or to protection, for; procedo, procurro, profanus; procuro, propugno, prosum, protego.
    2.
    prō (less correctly prōh), interj., an exclamation of wonder or lamentation, O! Ah! Alas! (class.).
    (α).
    With nom.:

    proh! bonae frugi hominem te jam pridem esse arbitror,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 4: pro Juppiter! Enn. ap. Varr L. L. 7, § 12 Müll. (Trag. v 225 Vahl.); Ter. And. 4, 3, 17; id. Eun. 3, 5, 2; id. Ad. 1, 2, 31; cf.:

    pro supreme Juppiter,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 42:

    pro Juppiter, Hominis stultitiam!

    id. ib. 3, 3, 12:

    pro di immortales,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 1; cf.: pro, dii immortales: Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33:

    pro curia inversique mores!

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 7:

    pro scelus,

    Mart. 2, 46, 8.—
    (β).
    Parenthet.:

    pro, quanta potentia regni Est, Venus alma, tui,

    Ov. M. 13, 758:

    et mea, pro! nullo pondere verba cadunt,

    id. H. 3, 98:

    tantum, pro! degeneramus a patribus,

    Liv. 22, 14, 6; Curt. 4, 16, 10.—
    (γ).
    With acc.: pro divom fidem! Enn. ap. Don. ad. Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25 (Sat. v. 30 Vahl.); Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 28; cf.:

    pro deum atque hominum fidem!

    id. And. 1, 5, 2; 11; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 9; Cic. Tusc. 5, 16, 48;

    instead of which, ellipt.: pro deum immortalium!

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 4:

    pro deum atque hominum,

    id. Hec. 2, 1, 1:

    pro fidem deum! facinus foedum,

    id. Eun. 5, 4, 21.—
    (δ).
    With gen.: pro malae tractationis! Tert. Poen. fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pro

  • 4 quam

        quam adv.    [qui].—Relat., in what manner, to what degree, how greatly, how, how much: nescis quam doleam, T.: vide, quam te amarit is: declaravit quam odisset senatum: docebat, quam veteres quamque iustae causae intercederent, Cs.: ut sentias quam vile sit corpus, L.: Vive memor quam sis aevi brevis, H.: ut nobis tempus quam diu diceremus praestitueres: mire quam illius loci cogitatio delectat (i. e. mirum est, quam, etc.), wonderfully.—Interrog., how?: quam avidum in pecuniis (hunc fuisse censetis)?: quam multis custodibus opus erit?: quam longe est hinc in saltum vestrum?—In exclamations, how! how very!: quam cupiunt laudari!: quam terribilis aspectu (incedebat)!: quam nihil praetermittis in consilio dando!: Quam paene regna Proserpinae vidimus! H. —Esp., in comparisons, in what degree, as: nihil est tam populare quam bonitas: quid est oratori tam necessarium quam vox?: tam diu requiesco, quam diu ad te scribo: tam esse clemens tyrannus, quam rex importunus potest: quam quisque pessume fecit, tam maxume tutus est, S.: tam sum amicus rei p. quam qui maxime: Non verbis dici potest Tantum quam navigare incommodumst, T.: maria aspera iuro Non ullum pro me tantum cepisse timorem, Quam ne, etc., V.: intentis, non ab irā tantum, quam quod urbs videbatur, etc., L.: dimidium tributi quam quod regibus ferre soliti erant, half as much tribute as, etc., L.: nihil aeque eos terruit, quam robur imperatoris, L.: quam multā grandine nimbi crepitant, sic ictibus heros Creber pulsat, V.—With ellips. of tam, as much as, to the extent that, as... as: quam voletis multi dicent, as many of you as choose: quam diu vixit, all his life: quam diu tu voles, as long as you will: non militum fiduciā quam iuventutis, not so much, L.: tyrannus, quam qui umquam, saevissimus, never surpassed in cruelty, L.: Huc turba ruebat... Quam multa cadunt folia, as numerous as, V. —With sup. and possum or (old) queo: ut te redimas captum quam queas Minumo, at the lowest price you can, T.: quam plurimos potest equites educit, S.: quam maximis potest itineribus pervenit, Cs.: quam maxime possem, contenderem, to the utmost of my power.—With sup. and ellips. of possum, in the highest degree, as... as possible, extremely, very: quam minimum spati daretur, the shortest time possible, Cs.: quam plurimo vendere, at the highest price: ut quam primum accederet, as soon as possible: quam primum, forthwith, V. —Colloq.: quam familiariter, very, T.—Implying difference of degree (after a comp. or word of comparison), than: acrior quam ego sum: omnia sunt citius facta quam dixi: nec diutius vixit quam locuta est: ut aditus non magis nobilitati quam virtuti pateret: istas tu partīs potius quam defectionem vocas?: Nec tibi grata minus pietas... Quam fuit illa Iovi, O.: se temere magis quam satis caute inferre, L.: non locuta est ferocius quam poculum inpavide hausit, L.: speciem gloriae vehementius quam caute appetebat, Ta.: maiorem pecuniam polliceri, quam quantam hic dedisset: ne libentius haec evomere videar quam verius, with more satisfaction than accuracy: pestilentia minacior quam perniciosior, more threatening than destructive, L.: turbavit ordinem non acrior quam pertinacior impetus, L.: quid hoc fieri turpius potest, quam eum... labi: ne aliter, quam ego velim, meum laudet ingenium, otherwise than as I wished: quis antea, quis esset, quam cuius gener esset, audivit? sooner... than: pridie quam a me tu coactus eo profitere, on the day before. virtus nihil aliud est quam in se perfecta natura: nil aliud agens quam ut, etc., with no other purpose than, etc., L.: saepe supra feret, quam fieri possit, more than: ultra quam satis est, producitur.—Praegn., after verbs implying preference or superiority, rather than: praestare omnīs perferre acerbitates, quam non civibus parentarent, Cs.: si eligere commodissimum quodque, quam sese uni vellent addicere: esse quam videri bonus malebat, S.: malae rei se quam nullius duces esse volunt, L.: statuit congredi quam refugere, N.—After expressions of time, later than, after that, after: die vicensimo quam creatus erat dictaturā se abdicavit, L.: anno trecentesimo altero quam condita Roma erat, L.
    * * *
    I
    how, how much; as, than

    quam + superlative -- as... as possible

    II
    how, than

    Latin-English dictionary > quam

  • 5 prō

        prō praep. with abl.    [PRO-].—Of place, before, in front of, in face of: sedens pro aede Castoris: pro castris dimicare, Cs.: castra pro moenibus locata, L.: pro castris suas copias produxit, before the camp, Cs.: pro tectis aedificiorum, from the roofs, S.—Of conspicuous appearance or publicity, before, in the presence of, on, in, in front of: hac re pro suggestu pronuntiatā, coming forward on the tribune, Cs.: me significasse... idque pro tribunali, in open court: laudatus pro contione Iugurtha, before the assembled army, S.: pro contione litteras recitare, to the assembly, Cu.: uti pro consilio imperatum erat, in the council, S.: pro collegio pronuntiare, L.—Of defence or protection, for, in behalf of, in favor of, for the benefit of, in the service of, on the side of: contra omnia dici et pro omnibus: hoc non modo non pro me, sed contra me est potius: haec contra legem proque lege dicta, L.: labores dolorem pro patriā suscipere: pro patriā mori, H.: urbes pro hostibus et advorsum se opportunissumae, S.: et locus pro vobis et nox erit, L.—Of replacement or substitution, in the place of, instead of, for: ego pro te molam, T.: saepe et exin pro deinde et exinde dicimus: pro bene sano fictum vocamus, H.—Esp., in titles: pro consule in Ciliciam proficiscens, vice-consul: pro consulibus alqm mittere, non pro consule, instead of the consuls, not as proconsul: cum Alexandriae pro quaestore essem: pro magistro: ut, qui pro dictatore fuisset, dictator crederetur, L.—Of compensation, for, in exchange for, in return for: pro huius peccatis ego supplicium sufferam, T.: dimidium eius quod pactus esset, pro carmine daturum: id pro immolatis Romanis poenae hostibus redditum, L.: dedit pro corpore nummos, as a ransom, H.—Of equivalence, for, the same as, just as, as: hunc amavi pro meo, as my own, T.: qui mihi unus est pro centum milibus, of as much weight with me: quos pro nihilo putavit: pro occiso relictus, for dead: cum pro damnato esset, as good as condemned: neque recte neque pro bono facere (i. e. ita, ut pro bono habeatur), S.: pro vano nuntius audiri, as a boaster, L.—Esp., in phrases. —Pro eo, as an equivalent, just the same: sin minus, pro eo tamen id habeamus.—Pro eo atque, just the same as, even as: pro eo ac mereor, just as I deserve: pro eo ac debui, just as was my duty. —Pro eo quod, for the reason that, because: pro eo quod eius nomen erat magnā apud omnīs gloriā. —Of relation or proportion, for, in proportion, in comparison with, in accordance with, according to, conformably to, by virtue of: pro multitudine hominum angusti fines, Cs.: exercitum pro loco atque copiis instruit, S.: agere pro viribus: quia pro imperio palam interfici non poterat, in consideration of, L.: illum submovere pro imperio more maiorum, summarily, L.: satis pro imperio, dictatorially enough, T.: pro tuā prudentiā: pro tempore et pro re, according to time and circumstances, Cs.: pro facultatibus, N.—In phrases, with parte: quibus aliquid opis fortasse, pro suā quisque parte ferre potuisset, each according to his own measure of influence: pro meā tenui parte id defendere, to the best of my poor ability: pro virili parte, manfully: rerum gestarum memoriae pro virili parte consuluisse, i. e. to have done my share towards preserving, L.: beneficio plus quam pro virili parte obligatus, i. e. under more than personal obligations. —For pro ratā parte, see ratus.—With eo: pro magnitudine iniuriae, proque eo quod res p. temptatur, vindicare, as required by the fact that, etc.: pro antiquitate generis sui, pro eo, quod, etc., in view of the fact: ea pro eo, quantum in quoque sit ponderis, esse aestimanda, according to the weight of each.—Pro se quisque, each for himself, each in his measure, individually: pro se quisque quod ceperat adferebat: cum pro se quisque operam navare cuperet, Cs.: pro se quisque viri nituntur, V.
    * * *
    on behalf of; before; in front/instead of; for; about; according to; as, like

    Latin-English dictionary > prō

  • 6 prō-lābor

        prō-lābor lapsus, ī,    to glide forward, slide along, slip: at Canis ad caudam serpens prolabitur Argo, C. poët.: conlapsus pons, usque ad alterius initium pontis prolabi eum leniter cogebat, to slide along, L.—To fall forward, tumble, fall in ruins: equus cum prolapsum per caput regem effudisset, who fell headlong, L.: prolabens ex equo, L.: pro lapsa Pergama, ruined, V.: ipsis adminiculis prolapsis corruere, sliding from under them, L.—Fig., to go forward, be led on: me longius prolapsum esse, quam, etc., have spoken at more length: in misericordiam prolapsus est animus victoris, L.— To slip out, escape: ab aliquā cupiditate prolapsum verbum.—To fall, fail, err, be led astray: timore: cupiditate regni, L.—To fall to decay, sink, decline, go to ruin: ita prolapsa est (iuventus) ut coërcenda sit: rem temeritate eius prolapsam restituit, L.

    Latin-English dictionary > prō-lābor

  • 7 prō-mereor

        prō-mereor meritus, ērī, dep.,    to deserve, merit, earn, be worthy: Ita velim me promerentem ames, T.: levius punitus quam sit promeritus: paratiores ad bene de multis promerendum: te numquam negabo (ea) Promeritam, V.

    Latin-English dictionary > prō-mereor

  • 8 prō-ruō

        prō-ruō ruī, rutus, ere,    to rush forth, make an onset, sally: quā (dextrum cornu) proruebat, Cs.: in hostem, Cu.—To cast down, tear down, pull down, throw down, overthrow, overturn, demolish, prostrate: eā parte (munitionis), quam proruerat, Cs.: vallo proruto, L.: columnam, H.: Albam a fundamentis, raze to the ground, L.: foras simul omnes proruont se, rush out, T.—To fall, tumble down: motu terrae oppidum proruit, Ta.

    Latin-English dictionary > prō-ruō

  • 9 prō-videō

        prō-videō vīdī, vīsus, ēre,    to see in advance, discern, descry: ubi, quid petatur, procul providere nequeat, L.: Excusare... quod non Providisset eum, H.—Fig., to see beforehand, foresee: quid eventurum sit: plus animo providere existimabatur, quod, etc., Cs.—To act with foresight, take precautions, see to it, be careful: actum de te est, nisi provides: nisi providisses, tibi ipsi pereundum fuisset: saluti: a dis vitae hominum provideri: est de Brundisio providendum: de re frumentariā, Cs.: ut quam rectissime agatur providebo: ne nocere possent ego providi: ne qua civitas suis finibus recipiat, a me provisum est, Cs.: Provisumst, ne abeat, T.—To see to, look after, care for, provide, prepare, make ready: multum in posterum providerunt, quod, etc.: rem frumentariam, Cs.: providentia haec potissimum providet, ut, etc.: omnia, S.: Verbaque provisam rem non invita sequentur, H.—To prevent, guard against, avert, avoid, obviate: neque omnino facere aut providere quicquam poterant, S.: quae consilio provideri poterunt, cavebuntur.

    Latin-English dictionary > prō-videō

  • 10 pro portione

    portĭo, ōnis ( abl. sing. portioni, Inscr. Lat. 206, 38), f. [kindr. with pars and porô, to share, impart], a share, part, portion (post-Aug., except in the phrase pro portione; v. in foll. II.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    Luna aequā portione divisa,

    Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 42: ex his portio in Italiā consedit, portio in Illyricos sinus penetravit, Just. 24, 4, 2:

    hereditatis,

    id. 36, 2, 5; cf. id. 21, 1, 2:

    quamvis quota portio faecis Achaei,

    Juv. 3, 61:

    mox in proflatum additur tertia portio aeris collectanei,

    Plin. 34, 9, 20, § 97:

    pari portione inter se mixta pix, cera, alumen, etc.,

    Cels. 4, 24; cf.:

    glandis cortex et nitrum paribus portionibus,

    id. 5, 18, 4:

    nil natura portionibus parit,

    by parts, piecemeal, Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 177:

    portio brevissima vitae,

    Juv. 9, 127:

    pars A carnaniae, quam in portionem belli acceperat,

    as his share for his services in the war, Just. 28, 1, 1:

    vocare aliquem in portionem muneris,

    id. 5, 2, 9:

    magna mortalium portio,

    Plin. 8, 28, 42, § 102.—
    II.
    Transf., a relation to any thing, proportion, i. q. proportio.—
    A.
    In gen., adverb.
    1.
    prō portiōne (class.; not in Cæs.), in proportion, proportionally, relatively:

    pro portione ea omnia facito,

    Cato, R. R. 106 fin.:

    pro portione ad majorem fundum vel minorem addere,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 18, 3:

    Mamertinis pro portione imperaretur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 55; id. Fl. 14, 32; Liv. 34, 50:

    oportet ut aedibus ac templis vestibula et aditus, sic causis principia pro portione rerum praeponere,

    in relation, in proportion, Cic. de Or. 2, 79, 320; so,

    pro ratā portione,

    Plin. 11, 15, 15, § 40:

    pro suā scilicet portione,

    Quint. 10, 7, 28; Censor. de Die Nat. 3.—
    2.
    portĭōne (post-Aug.):

    cerebrum omnia habent animalia, quae sanguinem: sed homo portione maximum,

    proportionally, Plin. 11, 37, 49, § 133; so id. 11, 37, 70, § 183; 11, 2, 1, § 2; cf.:

    hac portione mediocribus agris semina praebenda,

    Col. 2, 9, 1:

    quādam portione,

    Quint. 6, 1, 26:

    eādem portione,

    id. 11, 3, 139.—
    3.
    ad portiō-nem (rare and only post Aug.), Plin. 14, 21, 27, § 133; 24, 8, 30, § 46:

    ad suam quisque portionem,

    id. 36, 16, 25, § 9:

    supra portionem,

    Col. 7, 1, 2.—
    B.
    Subst.:

    eadem ad decem homines servabitur portio,

    the same proportion, Curt. 7, 11, 12:

    portionem servare,

    Col. 11, 2, 87; cf.:

    proportione servatā,

    id. 8, 11, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pro portione

  • 11 post quam

    postquam ( posquam, Att. ap. Non. 109, 26, acc. to Rib. Trag. Rel. v. 118; id. Verg. A. 3, 463; cf. Munro ad Lucr. 4, 1186; Rib. Prol. ad Verg. p. 442; also separately, post quam), conj.
    I.
    After that, after, as soon as, when (class., but rare in Cic., who commonly writes postea quam; v. postea); constr. usually with histor. pres., or perf. or imperf. indic., or subj.; rarely with pluperf. (v. Zumpt, § 507, b; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 22, 1, 1;

    Krebs, Antibarb. p. 889): abeo ab illis, postquam video, me sic ludificarier,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 27; id. Most. 3, 3, 22; Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 28:

    postquam res eorum satis prospera videbatur,

    Sall. C. 6, 3; cf. id. J. 13, 5 al.:

    eo postquam Caesar pervenit, obsides, arma poposcit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 27:

    post quam armis disceptari coeptum est de jure publico, nihil esse actum cum dignitate,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 3:

    postquam id difficilius visum est neque facultas perficiendi dabatur, transierunt, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 60, 5:

    postquam divitiae honori esse coepere, et eas gloria sequebatur,

    Sall. C. 12, 1; cf. id. J. 70, 5:

    undecimo die postquam a te discesseram,

    Cic. Att. 12, 1, 1:

    quod post accidisset, quam dedissem ad te liberto litteras,

    id. ib. 6, 3, 1:

    quartum post annum, quam redierat,

    Nep. Dion, 10, 3.—With post:

    postquam comedit rem, post rationem putat,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 15.—
    II.
    With an accessory idea of cause, since, because, inasmuch as (rare and mostly poet.):

    nunc ego illam me velim convenire, postquam inanis sum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 2; id. Most. 3, 3, 22:

    postquam poëta sensit, scripturam suam Ab iniquis observari,

    Ter. Ad. prol. 1 (postquam pro quoniam, Don.):

    postquam suas terras sedem belli esse viderent, verterunt, etc. (= cum),

    Liv. 22, 1, 1: sed periit, postquam cerdonibus esse timendus Coeperat;

    hoc nocuit, etc.,

    Juv. 4, 153; Tac. A. 1, 68.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > post quam

  • 12 cura

    cūra, ae, f. [caveo; cf. curo init. ], care, solicitude, carefulness, thought, concern.
    I.
    Trouble (physical or mental), bestowed on something; solicitude, care, attention, pains (syn.: diligentia, opera, studium, labor, etc.; opp. neglegentia, etc.; v. the foll.; very freq. in every per. and species of composition).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.
    (α).
    Ab. sol.: curantes magnā cum curā, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107:

    magnā cum curā ego illum curari volo,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 4, 7; cf. id. ib. 5, 4, 9:

    in aliquā re curam ponere (just before: magnum studi um multamque operam, etc.),

    Cic. Off. 1, 6, 19:

    haec tam acrem curam diligentiamque desiderant,

    id. de Or. 3, 48, 184;

    so with diligentia,

    Quint. 10, 1, 86:

    si utrumque cum curā et studio fecerimus,

    id. 10, 7, 29:

    aliquid cum curā exsequi,

    Liv. 39, 41, 6:

    plus laboris et curae,

    Quint. 8, prooem. § 13;

    so with labor,

    id. 2, 2, 10 al.:

    cura et industria,

    Suet. Gram. 21:

    ut in rem publicam omni cogitatione curāque incumberes,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 1, 2;

    so with cogitatio,

    id. ib. 10, 3, 3; id. de Or. 2, 44, 186; and in plur., id. Off. 2, 1, 2;

    opp. neglegentia,

    Quint. 11, 3, 137; 11, 3, 19:

    non naturam defecisse sed curam,

    id. 1, 1, 2;

    so opp. natura,

    id. 1, 2, 4; 2, 8, 5:

    omni curā vestigare,

    Curt. 4, 6, 5:

    omni curā in aliquid incumbere,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 24, 2:

    omnem curam in siderum cognitione ponere,

    id. Div. 1, 42, 93:

    cura et meditatio accessit,

    Tac. Or. 16; cf. id. Agr. 10 et saep.:

    eo majore curā illam (rem publicam) administrari,

    Sall. J. 85, 2:

    curam praestare,

    Suet. Tib. 18:

    in re unā consumere curam (for which, in foll. verse, laborare),

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 48 et saep.: esse cura alicui, to be an object of one's care:

    cura pii diis sunt et qui coluere coluntur,

    Ov. M. 8, 724.—
    (β).
    With gen., care, attention, management, administration, charge, a guardianship, concern for a person or thing, etc.:

    difficilis rerum alienarum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 9, 30; cf.:

    rerum domesticarum,

    Quint. 3, 3, 9:

    maxima belli,

    Cic. Att. 6, 5, 3:

    agrorum,

    Quint. 12, 1, 6:

    corporis,

    id. 1, 11, 15:

    capillorum,

    Suet. Dom. 18:

    funeris sui,

    id. Tib. 51 et saep.:

    deorum,

    Liv. 6, 41, 9:

    civium,

    id. 6, 15, 11:

    nepotum,

    Quint. 4, prooem. §

    2: magni Caesaris,

    Hor. C. 1, 12, 50; Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 37; Sen. Ep. 14, 2 et saep.—
    (γ).
    With de and abl.:

    omnis cura de re publicā,

    Cic. Brut. 3, 10:

    quocum mihi conjuncta cura de publicā re et privatā fuit,

    id. Lael. 4, 15:

    si qua de Pompejo nostro tuendo... cura te attigit,

    id. Att. 9, 11, 2, A:

    gratissima est mihi tua cura de illo mandato,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 1.—So with de:

    curam habere, agere, etc.: de vitā communi omnium curam habere,

    Vitr. 1, 2, init.:

    Romani tamquam de Samnitibus non de se curam agerent,

    Liv. 8, 3, 8.—
    (δ).
    With pro:

    omnium non tam pro Aetolis cura erat, quam ne, etc.,

    Liv. 27, 30, 5:

    curam habere pro aliquo,

    Veg. 2, 20:

    curam pro nobis hospitis, uxor, agas,

    Ov. H. 15 (16), 302.—
    (ε).
    Curae (alicui) esse, to be an object of care or attention; to have a care for, take care of, attend to, to be anxious about, bestow pains upon, etc.:

    Caesar pollicitus est, sibi eam rem curae futuram, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 33:

    haec sibi esse curae,

    id. ib. 1, 40:

    rati sese diis curae esse,

    Sall. J. 75, 9:

    cui salus mea fuit curae,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 22; 15, 2, 8; Quint. 3, 8, 45 et saep.:

    ea tantae mihi curae sunt, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 24:

    pollicetur sibi magnae curae fore, ut omnia restituerentur,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 33, § 73; cf.:

    si tibi curae Quantae conveniat,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 30:

    ipsis doctoribus hoc esse curae velim, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 2, 4, 5:

    dumque amor est curae,

    Ov. M. 2, 683:

    ceterum magis vis morbi ingravescens curae erat, terroresque ac prodigia,

    Liv. 4, 21, 5:

    ceterum eo tempore minus ea bella... curae patribus erant, quam expectatio, etc.,

    id. 35, 23, 1:

    in eorum periculis non secus absentes quam praesentes amicos Attico esse curae,

    Nep. Att. 12, 5.—With a subject-clause:

    nonnulli, quibus non fuit curae caelestem inveterare aquam, etc.,

    Col. 12, 12, 3; Quint. 7, 1, 4; 9, 3, 74:

    eligere modo curae sit,

    id. 10, 1, 31:

    mihi erit curae explorare provinciae voluntatem,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 10, 2.—With de: de mandatis quod tibi curae fuit, est mihi gratum, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 8:

    sic recipiunt, Caesari... de augendā meā dignitate curae fore,

    Cic. Att. 11, 6, 3; cf. id. Fam. 10, 1, 1, and II. A. fin. infra:

    de ceteris senatui curae fore,

    Sall. J. 26, 1.—In the same sense also,
    (ζ).
    Curae aliquid habere:

    cohortatus, ut petitionem suam curae haberent,

    Sall. C. 21 fin.; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10;

    Quint. prooem. § 16: habebo itaque curae, ut te meliorem reddam,

    Sen. Ben. 1, 8, 2:

    ut ille... quid ageret, curae sibi haberet certiorem facere Atticum,

    Nep. Att. 20, 4.—
    (η).
    Cura est, with subject-clause, solicitude, care, anxiety to do any thing ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    curaque finitimos vincere major erat,

    Ov. F. 1, 30:

    talis amor teneat, nec sit mihi cura mederi,

    Verg. E. 8, 89:

    cura comere capillum fuit,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 17, 7.—
    2.
    In partic., t. t.
    a.
    In political lang. (esp. of the post-Aug. per.), the management of state affairs, administration, charge, oversight, command, office:

    magistratus et imperia, postremo omnis cura rerum publicarum minime mihi hac tempestate cupiunda videntur,

    Sall. J. 3, 1; so,

    legionis armandae,

    Tac. H. 1, 80:

    aerarii,

    Suet. Aug. 36:

    annonae,

    id. Tib. 8:

    operum publicorum, viarum, aquarum, etc. (preceded by nova officia),

    id. Aug. 37 al. —
    b.
    In the jurists, the management of business for a minor, guardianship, trusteeship (for the more usu. curatio), Dig. 3, 1, 1; 5, 1, 19 et saep.—
    c.
    In medic., medical attendance, healing (for curatio), cure:

    aquae, quae sub cutem est,

    Cels. 2, 10; Vell. 2, 123; Sil. 6, 551 Drak. et saep.— Plur.:

    curae aegrescentium,

    Macr. S. 7, 4, 6.—Hence, poet.:

    illa fuit lacrimis ultima cura meis (sc. somnus),

    Prop. 1, 3, 46; cf. Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 5.—
    d.
    In agriculture, care, culture, rearing:

    Pelusiacae lentis,

    Verg. G. 1, 228:

    boum,

    id. ib. 1, 3.—
    B.
    Meton. (abstr. pro concr.).
    1.
    Like the Gr. meletê, a written work, writing (several times in Tac.;

    elsewhere rare): quorum in manus cura nostra venerit,

    Tac. A. 4, 11; id. Or. 3; Ov. P. 4, 16, 39. —In plur., Tac. A. 3, 24.—
    2.
    An attendant, guardian, overseer (very rare):

    tertius immundae cura fidelis harae,

    i. e. the swine - herd Eumæus, Ov. H. 1, 104: praetorii, Treb. Claud. 14; cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 45; 2, 1.—
    II.
    Anxiety, solicitude, concern, disquiet, trouble, grief, sorrow; syn.: sollicitudo, metus, etc.; cf. phrontis (very freq. in every per. and species of composition).
    A.
    In gen.: si quid ego adjuro curamve levasso, quae nunc te coquit, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1:

    animus lassus, curā confectus,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 4:

    cottidianā curā angere ani mum,

    id. Phorm. 1, 3, 8:

    curae metusque,

    Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150: cura et sollicitudo. id. Att. 15, 14, 3; Quint. 8, prooem. § 20;

    11, 1, 44 et saep.: curas cordis manis,

    Lucr. 3, 116:

    acres cuppedinis,

    id. 5, 46:

    gravi saucia curā (Dido),

    Verg. A. 4, 1:

    atra, Hor C. 3, 1, 40: edaces,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 18:

    vitiosa,

    id. ib. 2, 16, 22:

    sine curā esse,

    Cic. Att. 12, 6, 4; 15, 12, 2:

    quid facerem, curā cruciabar miser,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 23:

    cura est, negoti quid sit aut quid nuntiet,

    I am anxious, my concern is, id. ib. 1, 2, 10; cf.: amica mea quid agat, Cura est, ut valeat, id. Stich. [p. 501] 5, 2, 4:

    mihi maximae curae est, non de meā quidem vitā, sed me patria sollicitat, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 1, 1.—With pro:

    quam pro me curam geris,

    Verg. A. 12, 48.—With in:

    nullā in posterum curā,

    Tac. H. 3, 55.— Plur.:

    cur eam rem tam studiose curas, quae tibi multas dabit curas,

    Auct. Her. 4, 14, 21:

    at tibi curarum milia quanta dabit!

    Prop. 1, 5, 10.—
    B.
    In partic., the care, pain, or anxiety of love, love ( poet.):

    crescit enim assidue spectando cura puellae,

    Prop. 3 (4), 21, 3; cf. Ov. R. Am. 311:

    tua sub nostro pectore cura,

    Prop. 1, 15, 31:

    et juvenum curas et libera vina referre,

    Hor. A. P. 85: hinc illaec primum Veneris dulcedinis in cor Stillavit gutta et successit frigida cura, chilling anxiety for one loved, Lucr. 4, 1060.—Hence,
    2.
    Meton. (abstr. pro concr.), the loved object, the mistress:

    tua cura, Lycoris,

    Verg. E. 10, 22; Prop. 2 (3), 25, 1; 2 (3), 34, 9; Hor. C. 2, 8, 8; Verg. Cir. 75; cf.:

    puer, mea maxima cura,

    id. A. 1, 678; 10, 132:

    cura deum,

    id. ib. 3, 46:

    raucae, tua cura, palumbes,

    id. E. 1, 57 Forbig. ad loc.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cura

  • 13 proquam

    prōquam, and, separate, prō quam, v. pro, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proquam

  • 14 propendeo

    prō-pendeo, di, sum, 2 (in Plaut. As. 2, 2, 39, the correct reading is propendes), v. n., to hang forth or forward, hang down.
    I.
    Lit. (class.):

    ex ramis propendens,

    Plin. 26, 7, 20, § 36; Suet. Galb. 21:

    lanx propendet,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 17, 51.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    (The figure borrowed from the descending scale of a balance.) To weigh more, haec the preponderance:

    nec dependes nec propendes,

    weighest neither less nor more, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 39:

    si bona propendent,

    Cic. Tuse. 5, 31, 86.—
    B.
    To be inclined or disposed to any thing:

    si suā sponte quo impellimus, inclinant atque propendent,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 18.—
    C.
    To be well disposed, favorable:

    inclinatione voluntatis propendere in aliquem,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 29, 129.—Hence, prō-pensus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Lit., hanging down (post-class.):

    propensum labrum,

    Sol. 20:

    propenso sesquipede,

    Pers. 1, 57 dub. —
    2.
    Transf., = magno pene praeditus (post-class.), Capitol. Gord. 19.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Inclining towards, coming near, approaching (class.); with ad:

    disputatio ad veritatis similitudinem propensior,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 40, 94:

    ad veritatem,

    id. Div. 1, 5, 9. —
    2.
    Heavy, weighty, important (class.):

    illa de meā pecuniā ramenta fiat plumea propensior,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 15:

    id fit propensius,

    more weighty, important, Cic. Par. 3, 2, 24.—
    3.
    Inclined, disposed, prone to any thing (syn. proclivis); usually constr. with ad or in and acc.; rarely with dat.
    (α).
    With ad:

    non tam propensus ad misericordiam, quam inclinatus ad severitatem videbatur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 85:

    ad dicendum,

    id. Fin. 3, 20, 66:

    animus propensus ad salutem alicujus,

    id. Fam. 4, 13, 5:

    ad liberalitatem,

    id. Lael. 9, 31.— Comp.:

    paulo ad voluptates propensior,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 105:

    ad lenitatem,

    id. Mur. 31, 64:

    animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,

    id. Tusc. 4, 37, 81:

    sunt propensiores ad bene merendum quam ad reposcendum,

    id. Lael. 9, 32.—
    (β).
    With in and acc.:

    propensus in alteram partem,

    Cic. Att. 8, 3, 4.— Comp.:

    propensior benignitas esse debebit in calamitosos,

    Cic. Off. 2, 18, 62:

    in neutram partem propensiores,

    id. Fin. 5, 11, 30.—
    (γ).
    With dat.:

    in divisione regni propensior fuisse Alexandro videbatur,

    more disposed to favor Alexander, Just. 16, 1, 2 (al. pro Alexandro).—
    (δ).
    Absol., well-disposed, favorable, willing, ready (class.):

    propenso animo aliquid facere,

    Cic. Att. 13, 21, 7; Liv. 37, 54:

    propensum favorem petiit,

    Ov. M. 14, 706.— Sup.: propensissimā civitatum voluntate, Auct. B. Alex. 26.—Hence, adv.: prōpensē, willingly, readily, with inclination (class.): conspiratio propense facta, Lentulus ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 15, 3.— Comp.:

    propensius senatum facturum,

    Liv. 37, 52:

    eoque propensius laudandus est,

    App. Flor. p. 98 Oud.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > propendeo

  • 15 proinde

    prŏ-indē (abbrev. proin, like dein for deinde;

    usually monosyl.,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 155; id. Capt. prol. 63; 3, 4, 20 et saep.; Ter. And. 2, 4, 5; id. Eun. 1, 1, 11; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 3;

    dissyl.,

    Cat. 20, 16), adv.
    I.
    Just so, in the same manner, in like manner, equally, just, even; usually with a foll. atque ( ac), quasi, or ut, rarely quam:

    tibi nunc, proinde ac merere, summas habeo gratias,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 33; cf. Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 6; and:

    Scipiades... Ossa dedit terrae, proinde ac famul infimus esset,

    Lucr. 3, 1035; so, proinde atque (ac) si, Lex Rubr. lin. 17, ap. Haubold, Monum. Leg. p. 146; cf.:

    quā de re quoniam nihil ad me scribis, proinde habebo ac si scripsisses nihil esse,

    just as if, the same as if, Cic. Att. 3, 13, 1:

    proinde aestimans, ac si usus esset,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 1, 5:

    proinde expiscare quasi non nosses,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 35:

    proinde quasi nemo siet, Ita, etc.,

    id. Heaut. 1, 1, 13; Cic. Rep. 1, 5, 9; cf.:

    proinde quasi nostram ipsam mentem videre possimus,

    id. Mil. 31, 84; and:

    proinde quasi aut plures fortunati sint quam infelices, aut, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 1, 36, 86:

    haec curata sint Fac sis, proinde adeo, ut me velle intellegis,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 27:

    faciam, sit, proinde ut dixi, Tragicomoedia,

    id. ib. prol. 63:

    proinde ut commodumst et lubet,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 8:

    proinde ut quisque fortunā utitur, ita praecellet,

    id. Ps. 2, 3, 13; cf.

    , in the reverse order: quia, ut vos mihi domi eritis proinde ego ero fama foris,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 21; Lucr. 4, 648:

    si proinde amentur mulieres diu quam lavant,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 3, 3: equidem diis habeo gratiam, non proinde quia natus est quam, etc. (Gr. ouch houtôs... hôs), Gell. 9, 3, 5.— Absol.: hunc filii loco non proinde habere turpe mihi videtur, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 5; Petr. 83:

    ut, sive dulcis esset sapor uvae sive acidus, proinde aestimarent,

    Col. 11, 2, 68; Just. 41, 3, 8.—
    II.
    Hence, therefore, accordingly, then, in expressions of advice, exhortation, encouragement, etc.:

    proinde actutum istuc quid sit quod scire expetis eloquere,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 12:

    proinde istud facias ipse, quod faciamus nobis suades,

    id. ib. 3, 3, 54:

    proinde hinc vos amolimini,

    Ter. And. 4, 2, 24: proinde aperte dice, quid sit, quod times, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 229 (Trag. Rel. v. 63 Rib.):

    proin tu fac, apud te ut sies,

    id. And. 2, 4, 5; Cic. Fam. 12, 6, 2:

    proinde aut exeant aut quiescant,

    id. Cat. 2, 5, 11; Caes. B. G. 7, 38 fin.:

    proinde parati intentique essent signo dato Romanos invadere,

    Sall. J. 49, 3; 83, 1:

    proinde tona eloquio, solitum tibi!

    Verg. A. 11, 383:

    proinde ne gravarentur,

    Liv. 1, 9; 2, 15; 3, 57; Curt. 3, 5, 13; Just. 31, 7, 6; Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 8; 3, 19, 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proinde

  • 16 proprium

    prō̆prĭus, a, um, adj. [etym. dub.; perhaps from root prae; cf. prope], not common with others, one's own, special, particular, proper (class.; cf.: peculiaris, privatus).
    I.
    In gen., opp. communis: nam virtutem propriam mortalibus fecit: cetera promiscue voluit communia habere, Varr. ap. Non. 361, 25:

    proprium et peculiare,

    Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 93:

    tria praedia Capitoni propria traduntur,

    to him for his own, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 21:

    proprio sumptu edere ludos,

    Tac. A. 1, 15:

    propriā pecuniā militem juvare,

    id. ib. 1, 71:

    basilicam propriā pecuniā firmare,

    id. ib. 3, 72 init.; id. H. 2, 84:

    propria impensa,

    Just. 12, 11, 1:

    propriis viribus,

    Liv. 2, 53:

    familia,

    id. 7, 9:

    libri, Hor S. 1, 10, 64: horreum,

    id. C. 1, 1, 9:

    proprio Marte,

    by his own bravery, Ov. P. 4, 7, 14.—With pron. poss. (class. and freq.):

    ut cum ademerit nobis omnia, quae nostra erant propria, ne lucem quoque hanc, quae communis est, eripere cupiat,

    all that belonged peculiarly to us, Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 150:

    suā quādam propriā, non communi oratorum facultate,

    id. de Or. 1, 10, 44: ut redeas ad consuetudinem vel nostram communem vel tuam solius et propriam, Luc. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 3:

    omnia qui jubet esse communia, ne quis civis propriam aut suam rem ullam queat dicere,

    Cic. Rep 4, 5, 5; id. ap. Non. p. 362:

    suis propriis periculis parere commune reliquis otium,

    id. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

    quod (periculum) autem meum erat proprium,

    id. Fam. 2, 17, 7; id. Sest. 7, 15;

    calamitatem aut propriam suam aut temporum queri,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20.—
    B.
    Opp. alienus, etc., one's own, peculiar, special, characteristic, personal:

    tempus agendi fuit mihi magis proprium quam ceteris,

    Cic. Sull. 3, 9:

    reliquae partes quales propriae sunt hominis,

    id. Fin. 5, 12, 35:

    id non proprium senectutis est vitium, sed commune valetudinis,

    id. Sen. 11, 35:

    libertatem propriam Romani generis,

    id. Phil. 3, 11, 29:

    proprium id Tiberio fuit,

    Tac. A. 4, 19:

    ira,

    personal resentment, id. ib. 2, 55.—As subst.: prō̆prĭum, i, n.
    1.
    Lit., a possession, property:

    id est cujusque proprium, quo quisque fruitur atque utitur,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 2:

    vivere de proprio,

    Mart. 12, 78, 2.—
    2.
    Trop., a characteristic mark, a sign, characteristic, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2; 2, 5, 17; Caes. B. G. 6, 23.—
    II.
    In partic., peculiar, extraordinary: nisi mihi fortuna proprium consilium extorsisset, Sent. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 35, 1:

    superbo decreto addidit propriam ignominiam,

    Liv. 35, 33.—
    B.
    Lasting, constant, permanent, perpetual (class.):

    illum amatorem tibi proprium futurum in vitā,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 67; Att. ap. Non. 362, 5:

    nihil in vitā proprium mortali datum esse,

    Lucil. ib. 362, 15:

    alicui proprium atque perpetuum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 48:

    perenne ac proprium manere,

    id. Red. in Sen. 4, 9:

    parva munera diutina, locupletia non propria esse consueverunt,

    Nep. Thras. 4, 2; Hor. S. 2, 6, 5; cf. id. Ep. 2, 2, 172:

    deferens uni propriam laurum,

    id. C. 2, 2, 22; Verg. A. 6, 871:

    victoriam propriam se eis daturam,

    lasting, Hirt. B. Afr. 32.— Comp., Ov. M. 12, 284; id. P. 1, 2, 152; Liv. 4, 27, 3. —Hence, adv.: proprĭē.
    A.
    Specially, peculiarly, properly, strictly for one's self (opp. communiter;

    class.): quod me amas, est tibi commune cum multis: quod tu ipse tam amandus es, id est proprie tuum,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 1:

    promiscue toto (Campo Martio), quam proprie parvā parte frui malletis,

    for yourselves, individually, separately, id. Agr. 2, 31, 85.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Particularly, in particular:

    neque publice neque proprie,

    Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—
    2.
    Especially, eminently, exclusively:

    mira sermonis, cujus proprie studiosus fuit, elegantia,

    Quint. 10, 1, 114; cf. Vell. 2, 9, 2.—
    C.
    Properly, accurately, strictly speaking, in the proper (not tropical) sense:

    magis proprie nihil possum dicere,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 31, 77:

    illud quidem honestum, quod proprie vereque dicitur,

    id. Off. 3, 3, 13; Liv. 34, 32; 44, 22:

    uti verbo proprie,

    Gell. 9, 1, 8; 2, 6, 5; 7, 11, 2; 16, 5, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proprium

  • 17 proprius

    prō̆prĭus, a, um, adj. [etym. dub.; perhaps from root prae; cf. prope], not common with others, one's own, special, particular, proper (class.; cf.: peculiaris, privatus).
    I.
    In gen., opp. communis: nam virtutem propriam mortalibus fecit: cetera promiscue voluit communia habere, Varr. ap. Non. 361, 25:

    proprium et peculiare,

    Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 93:

    tria praedia Capitoni propria traduntur,

    to him for his own, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 21:

    proprio sumptu edere ludos,

    Tac. A. 1, 15:

    propriā pecuniā militem juvare,

    id. ib. 1, 71:

    basilicam propriā pecuniā firmare,

    id. ib. 3, 72 init.; id. H. 2, 84:

    propria impensa,

    Just. 12, 11, 1:

    propriis viribus,

    Liv. 2, 53:

    familia,

    id. 7, 9:

    libri, Hor S. 1, 10, 64: horreum,

    id. C. 1, 1, 9:

    proprio Marte,

    by his own bravery, Ov. P. 4, 7, 14.—With pron. poss. (class. and freq.):

    ut cum ademerit nobis omnia, quae nostra erant propria, ne lucem quoque hanc, quae communis est, eripere cupiat,

    all that belonged peculiarly to us, Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 150:

    suā quādam propriā, non communi oratorum facultate,

    id. de Or. 1, 10, 44: ut redeas ad consuetudinem vel nostram communem vel tuam solius et propriam, Luc. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 3:

    omnia qui jubet esse communia, ne quis civis propriam aut suam rem ullam queat dicere,

    Cic. Rep 4, 5, 5; id. ap. Non. p. 362:

    suis propriis periculis parere commune reliquis otium,

    id. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

    quod (periculum) autem meum erat proprium,

    id. Fam. 2, 17, 7; id. Sest. 7, 15;

    calamitatem aut propriam suam aut temporum queri,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20.—
    B.
    Opp. alienus, etc., one's own, peculiar, special, characteristic, personal:

    tempus agendi fuit mihi magis proprium quam ceteris,

    Cic. Sull. 3, 9:

    reliquae partes quales propriae sunt hominis,

    id. Fin. 5, 12, 35:

    id non proprium senectutis est vitium, sed commune valetudinis,

    id. Sen. 11, 35:

    libertatem propriam Romani generis,

    id. Phil. 3, 11, 29:

    proprium id Tiberio fuit,

    Tac. A. 4, 19:

    ira,

    personal resentment, id. ib. 2, 55.—As subst.: prō̆prĭum, i, n.
    1.
    Lit., a possession, property:

    id est cujusque proprium, quo quisque fruitur atque utitur,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 2:

    vivere de proprio,

    Mart. 12, 78, 2.—
    2.
    Trop., a characteristic mark, a sign, characteristic, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2; 2, 5, 17; Caes. B. G. 6, 23.—
    II.
    In partic., peculiar, extraordinary: nisi mihi fortuna proprium consilium extorsisset, Sent. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 35, 1:

    superbo decreto addidit propriam ignominiam,

    Liv. 35, 33.—
    B.
    Lasting, constant, permanent, perpetual (class.):

    illum amatorem tibi proprium futurum in vitā,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 67; Att. ap. Non. 362, 5:

    nihil in vitā proprium mortali datum esse,

    Lucil. ib. 362, 15:

    alicui proprium atque perpetuum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 48:

    perenne ac proprium manere,

    id. Red. in Sen. 4, 9:

    parva munera diutina, locupletia non propria esse consueverunt,

    Nep. Thras. 4, 2; Hor. S. 2, 6, 5; cf. id. Ep. 2, 2, 172:

    deferens uni propriam laurum,

    id. C. 2, 2, 22; Verg. A. 6, 871:

    victoriam propriam se eis daturam,

    lasting, Hirt. B. Afr. 32.— Comp., Ov. M. 12, 284; id. P. 1, 2, 152; Liv. 4, 27, 3. —Hence, adv.: proprĭē.
    A.
    Specially, peculiarly, properly, strictly for one's self (opp. communiter;

    class.): quod me amas, est tibi commune cum multis: quod tu ipse tam amandus es, id est proprie tuum,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 1:

    promiscue toto (Campo Martio), quam proprie parvā parte frui malletis,

    for yourselves, individually, separately, id. Agr. 2, 31, 85.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Particularly, in particular:

    neque publice neque proprie,

    Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—
    2.
    Especially, eminently, exclusively:

    mira sermonis, cujus proprie studiosus fuit, elegantia,

    Quint. 10, 1, 114; cf. Vell. 2, 9, 2.—
    C.
    Properly, accurately, strictly speaking, in the proper (not tropical) sense:

    magis proprie nihil possum dicere,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 31, 77:

    illud quidem honestum, quod proprie vereque dicitur,

    id. Off. 3, 3, 13; Liv. 34, 32; 44, 22:

    uti verbo proprie,

    Gell. 9, 1, 8; 2, 6, 5; 7, 11, 2; 16, 5, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proprius

  • 18 protinus

    prō-tĭnus (less properly prō-tĕnus), adv. [tenus], before one's self, forward, farther on, onward.
    I.
    Lit. (rare but class.;

    syn.: statim, continuo, actutum): praecepisse, ut pergeret protinus, quid retro atque a tergo fieret, ne laboraret,

    Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49: ipse capellas Protinus aeger ago, [p. 1479] drive along before me, Verg. E. 1, 13:

    quā (voce) protinus omne Contremuit nemus,

    far and wide, id. A. 7, 513.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A. 1.
    In space, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 19:

    trans Lygios Gothones regnantur... protinus deinde ab Oceano Rugii et Lemovii,

    Tac. G. 43 fin.:

    summa (vertebra) protinus caput sustinet,

    Cels. 8, 1.—
    2.
    In time or order:

    post ad oppidum hoc vetus continuo mecum exercitum protinus obducam,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 1, 13; Sisenn. ap. Non. 376, 28;

    Tubero,

    ib. 376, 32:

    protinus ut moneam,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 67:

    trajecto missa lacerto Protinus hasta fugit servatque cruenta tenorem,

    Verg. A. 10, 340; id. G. 4, 1:

    felix si protinus illum Aequasset nocti ludum,

    id. A. 9, 337.—
    B.
    Forthwith, immediately, directly, from the very first, instantly, on the spot (class.;

    but rare in prose until post-Aug. per.): oratio protinus perficiens auditorem benevolum,

    at the very outset, Cic. Inv. 1, 15, 20:

    hostes protinus ex eo loco ad flumen contenderunt,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 9:

    tu protinus unde Divitias aerisque ruam, dic, augur, acervos,

    Hor. S. 2, 5, 21.—With a negative:

    non protinus,

    not immediately, Quint. 10, 1, 3.—With ex or ab, immediately or directly after:

    ex fugā protinus auxilia discesserunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 17:

    protinus ab ipsā curatione,

    Cels. 7, 26, 5:

    a partu,

    Plin. 20, 21, 84, § 226:

    ab adoptione,

    Vell. 2, 104, 3; cf.:

    protinus post cibum,

    Cels. 7, 26, 26.—With ut, quam, atque, as soon as, as soon as ever; with ut:

    protinus ut percussus est aliquis,

    Cels. 5, 26, 26; Val. Max. 5, 4, 4; Quint. 1, 1, 3.—With quam, Plin. 10, 28, 40, § 75 (al. quā); 15, 17, 18, § 67.—With atque, Sol. 46 fin. —Prov.:

    Protinus ad censum, de moribus ultima flet quaestio,

    Juv. 3, 140.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > protinus

  • 19 proveho

    prō-vĕho, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to carry or conduct forwards, to carry or convey along, to conduct, convey, transport, etc., to a place; and freq. pass. in mid. signif., to go, proceed, advance, move, drive, ride, sail, etc., to a place (freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    eam pol provexi: avehere non quivi,

    I took her on board the ship, Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 24:

    alvos apum mulis,

    Plin. 21, 13, 43, § 74:

    aër a tergo quasi provehat atque propellat,

    Lucr. 6, 1026.—Mid.:

    cum classe freto provehi,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 3; id. B. G. 5, 8:

    provehimur portu,

    Verg. A. 3, 72:

    huc se provecti deserto in litore condunt,

    id. ib. 2, 24; Plin. 6, 31, 36, § 199:

    provectus equo,

    Liv. 23, 47:

    a terrā provectae naves,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 8:

    naves provectae in altum,

    id. B. G. 4, 28 fin. —
    II.
    Trop., to carry on, along, or forwards, to lead on; to promote, advance, exalt, raise:

    ecquo te tua virtus provexisset?

    promoted, exalted, Cic. Phil. 13, 11, 24:

    ad summos honores alios scientia juris provexit,

    Liv. 39, 40, 5; so,

    quosdam infimi generis ad amplissimos honores,

    Suet. Caes. 72; and:

    aliquem in consulatūs, censuras et triumphos,

    Vell. 2, 128; cf.:

    studiosos amat, fovet, provehit,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 12, 1:

    vim temperatam di quoque provehunt In majus,

    Hor. C. 3, 4, 66: haec spes provexit, ut ad conspecta procul pecora decurrerent, carried them so far, brought them to such a pitch, that, etc., Liv. 2, 50, 5; cf. absol.:

    illo etiam (forsitan pravo) gaudio provehente, quod, etc.,

    id. 40, 14:

    quem e gregario milite Alexander virtutis causā provexerat,

    Just. 13, 4, 10:

    quos (reges) ad fastigium majestatis spectata moderatio provehebat,

    id. 1, 1, 1:

    quos provexerat, fortuna destitit,

    Sen. Contr. 1, 1, 5:

    in consulare provectus fuerat vestigium,

    Vell. 2, 69, 1: vitam in altum, qs. to drive it into a sea, i. e. into disquietude, Lucr. 5, 1434.—
    B.
    Mid., to advance, proceed, go onwards, make progress, etc.:

    ne videlicet ultra quam homini datum est nostra provehantur,

    Quint. 6, prooem. §

    10: sentio me esse longius provectum quam proposita ratio postularet,

    have been carried farther, have gone farther, Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74:

    quod si qui longius in amicitiā provecti essent,

    id. Lael. 10, 34: provectus longius quam voluit, id. Har. [p. 1480] Resp. 20, 43:

    imbecillitas in altum provehitur,

    id. Tusc. 4, 18, 42:

    provehi in maledicta,

    Liv. 35, 48:

    per altercationem ad continuas et infestas orationes provecti sunt,

    Tac. H. 4, 7.—
    2.
    Of speech, to draw out, protract, prolong:

    orationem,

    Cic. Dom. 12, 32:

    quid ultra Provehor?

    why do I say more? Verg. A. 3, 481.—Hence, prōvectus, a, um, P. a. of time, advanced:

    eum colere coepi non admodum grandem natu, sed tamen jam aetate provectum,

    Cic. Sen. 4, 10:

    provectā aetate mortua est,

    id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94:

    provecta nox erat,

    Tac. A. 13, 20:

    cum aetate jam provectus esset,

    Nep. Timol. 4, 1:

    senectute provectior,

    Arn. 6, 195; Aus. Epigr. 19:

    equis provectioribus tempora cavari incipiunt,

    Pall. 4, 13, 9:

    aetatis provectae,

    Vulg. Gen. 18, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proveho

  • 20 proicio

    prō-ĭcĭo ( projĭcĭo), jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. [jacio].
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., to throw forth or before; to fling away, throw down; to throw, thrust, drive, or put out; to stretch out, hold out, extend: projectum odoraris cibum, thrown before or to you, Hor. Epod. 6, 10:

    frusto cibarii panis ei projecto,

    App. M. 6, p. 177, 36:

    cadavera projecta,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 25 Müll.:

    crates,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 81:

    aquilam intra vallum,

    id. ib. 5, 37:

    aurum in mediā Libyā,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 100:

    aliquid in ignem,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 25:

    geminos cestus in medium,

    Verg. A. 5, 402:

    tela manu,

    id. ib. 6, 835:

    arma, of one in flight (cf.: abicere arma,

    Just. 8, 2, 4), Caes. B. C. 3, 98; id. B. G. 7, 40; 8, 29; Hirt. B. Alex. 76:

    omnibus projectis fugae consilium capere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 20:

    insepultos,

    Liv. 29, 9; Suet. Vesp. 21, 3, 19:

    Diogenes proici se jussit inhumatum,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 43, 104:

    parvam,

    to cast out, expose, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 74:

    artus,

    to stretch out, Val. Fl. 7, 141:

    hastam,

    to hold out, extend, Nep. Chabr. 1, 2:

    strato graves artus,

    Val. Fl. 7, 141: scutum, to hold in front, to oppose, Sisenn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4; Liv. 7, 10; cf.:

    projecto prae se clipeo,

    id. 32, 25:

    proicere se ad pedes alicujus,

    Cic. Sest. 11, 26; Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

    ad genua alicujus se proicere,

    Liv. 26, 32, 8:

    se ex navi,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 25:

    se super exanimem amicum,

    Verg. A. 9, 444:

    se in forum,

    Liv. 2, 23; cf.:

    projecturus semet in flumen,

    Curt. 9, 4, 12; Gai. Inst. 3, 219.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To cast out, expel; to exile, banish:

    tantam pestem evomere et proicere,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 2:

    in exilium proici,

    Sen. Prov. 3, 2:

    aliquem ab urbe,

    Ov. M. 15, 504:

    vix duo projecto (mihi) tulistis opem,

    id. P. 2, 3, 30:

    Agrippam in insulam,

    Tac. A. 1, 3; 4, 71:

    a facie tuā,

    Vulg. Psa. 50, 12. —
    2.
    In architecture, to let any part of a building jut out, to cause to project:

    tectum,

    Cic. Top. 4, 24:

    jus immittendi tigna in parietem vicini, proiciendi, protegendi, etc.,

    Dig. 8, 2, 1.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To throw away, i. e. to give up, yield, resign, renounce, reject, disdain, etc. (cf. depono):

    nec pro his libertatem, sed pro libertate haec proicias,

    Cic. Phil. 13, 3, 6; id. Rab. Post. 12, 33:

    patriam virtutem,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

    spem salutis,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 3:

    ampullas et sesquipedalia verba,

    Hor. A. P. 97:

    pudorem,

    Ov. M. 6, 544:

    senatūs auctoritatem,

    Tac. A. 1, 42; cf. Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 8:

    diem,

    to deprive one's self of the light of day, to blind one's self, Stat. Th. 2, 237.—Esp. of life:

    animas,

    Verg. A. 6, 436:

    vitam,

    Luc. 4, 526.—With personal objects:

    aliquem,

    to neglect, desert, forsake, abandon, Caes. B. C. 2, 32, 8:

    Deum,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 10, 19.—
    B.
    With se, to rush into any thing:

    si qui se in hoc judicium forte projecerint,

    Cic. Cael. 9, 22.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To rush into danger:

    epistulae tuae monent et rogant, ne me proiciam,

    Cic. Att. 9, 6, 5:

    non integrā re, sed certe minus infractā, quam si una projeceris te,

    id. ib. 9, 10, 8; cf.:

    in miserias projectus sum,

    Sall. J. 14, 21.—
    b.
    To degrade one's self:

    se in muliebres et inutiles fletus,

    Liv. 25, 37, 10.—
    c.
    To obtrude itself:

    quae libido non se proripiet ac proiciet occultatione propositā,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 73.—
    C.
    To put off as to time, to defer, delay (post-Aug.):

    quantum odii fore ab iis qui ultra quinquennium proiciantur,

    Tac. A. 2, 36.— Hence, prōjectus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Lit., stretched out, extended, jutting out, projecting:

    urbs projecta in altum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 21:

    projecta saxa,

    Verg. A. 3, 699:

    ova,

    Liv. 22, 20; and:

    insula a septentrione in meridiem projecta,

    Plin. 3, 6, 12, § 80:

    ventre projecto,

    projecting, prominent, Suet. Ner. 51; cf. in comp.:

    ventre paulo projectiore,

    id. Tit. 3.—Hence,
    2.
    Subst.: prō-jectum, i, n., a jutty, projection, projecture in a building, Dig. 50, 16, 242; 43, 17, 6; 43, 24, 22.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Prominent, manifest:

    projecta atque eminens audacia,

    Cic. Clu. 65, 183; id. Rep. 3, 7, 11 (from Non. 373, 25):

    cupiditas,

    id. Dom. 44, 115.—
    2.
    Inclined, addicted to any thing, immoderate in any thing:

    homo ad audendum projectus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2:

    homines in verba projecti,

    Gell. 1, 15, 20: in libidinem, [p. 1462] Just. 41, 3, 9.— Sup.:

    projectissima ad libidinem gens,

    Tac. H. 5, 5.—
    3.
    Thrown away; hence, abject, mean, base, contemptible, = abjectus, contemptus:

    non esse projectum consulare imperium,

    Liv. 2, 27:

    projecta patientia,

    Tac. A. 3, 65 fin.:

    projectā vilior algā,

    Verg. E. 7, 42.— Comp.: quid esse vobis aestimem projectius? Prud. steph. 10, 153.—
    4.
    Downcast:

    vultus projectus et degener,

    Tac. H. 3, 65.—Hence, adv.: prō-jectē, carelessly, indifferently (post-class.): Tert. Pud. 13.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proicio

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